Which Design and Biomaterial Factors Affect Clinical Wear Performance of Total Disc Replacements? A Systematic Review

Background Total disc replacement was clinically introduced to reduce pain and preserve segmental motion of the lumbar and cervical spine. Previous case studies have reported on the wear and adverse local tissue reactions around artificial prostheses, but it is unclear how design and biomaterials affect clinical outcomes. Questions/purposes Which design and material factors are associated with differences in clinical wear performance (implant wear and periprosthetic tissue response) of (1) lumbar and (2) cervical total disc replacements? Methods We performed a systematic review on the topics of implant wear and periprosthetic tissue response using an advanced search in MEDLINE and Scopus electronic databases. Of the 340 references identified, 33 were retrieved for full-text evaluation, from which 16 papers met the inclusion criteria (12 on lumbar disc replacement and five on cervical disc replacement; one of the included studies reported on both lumbar and cervical disc replacement), which involved semiquantitative analysis of wear and adverse local tissue reactions along with a description of the device used. An additional three papers were located by searching bibliographies of key articles. There were seven case reports, three case series, two case-control studies, and seven analytical studies. The Methodological Index for Non-randomized Studies (MINORS) Scale was used to score case series and case-control studies, which yielded mean scores of 10.3 of 16 and 17.5 of 24, respectively. In general, the case series (three) and case-control (two) studies were of good quality. Results In lumbar regions, metal-on-polymer devices with mobile-bearing designs consistently generated small and large polymeric wear debris, triggering periprosthetic tissue activation of macrophages and giant cells, respectively. In the cervical regions, metal-on-polymer devices with fixed-bearing designs had similar outcomes. All metal-on-metal constructs tended to generate small metallic wear debris, which typically triggered an adaptive immune response of predominantly activated lymphocytes. There were no retrieval studies on one-piece prostheses. Conclusions This review provides evidence that design and biomaterials affect the type of wear and inflammation. However, clinical study design, followup, and analytical techniques differ among investigations, preventing us from drawing firm conclusions about the relationship between implant design and wear performance for both cervical and lumbar total disc replacement

Provision of Relevant Results on web search Based on Browsing History

Different users submit a query to a web search engine with different needs. The general type of search engines follows the "one size fits all" model which is not flexible to individual users resulting in too many answers for the query.  In order to overcome this drawback, in this paper, we propose a framework for personalized web search which considers individual's interest introducing intelligence into the traditional web search and producing only relevant pages of user interest. This proposed method is simple and efficient which ensures quality suggestions as well as promises for effective and relevant information retrieval. The framework for personalized web search engine is based on user past browsing history. This context is then used to make the web search more personalized. The results are encouraging

External Auditor Dealing With Deep Cyber Security of Open Networks

We focus on how you can release major updates to that customer as much as possible, and we suggest a new model called Cloud Storage Audit with verifiable outsourcing for major updates. Within this model, major updates can be outsourced safely to authorized parties, so the important thing throughout the customer is that downloading the update is being saved very little. Moreover, the design gives us the ability to verify the validity of the encrypted secret keys issued by the OA. Specifically, we employ external auditors in current general audit designs; allow it to act as a delegated party in our position, and is also responsible for secure audits and major key updates to resist key detection. When the cloud downloads new files, the client should download the encrypted password only in OA. The licensed party maintains the encrypted secret key from the client for cloud storage audit and updates the encrypted status every time. The client downloads the encrypted password to the authorized authority and encrypts it exactly as it would like to upload new files to the cloud. In our design, only the agriculture authority should keep the encrypted form of the customer's secret key. In our design, only the agriculture authority should keep the encrypted form of the customer's secret key. We formalize the meaning and type of security in this form

EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF DOUBLE BOX WING UAV.

ABSTRACT In an attempt to reduce the induced drag on a wing, Prandtl found that induced drag reduced significantly by highly increasing the number of vertically offset wings. The same result could be obtained by joining the wingtips of two vertically offset wings. This helped increase payload capacity and also reduced fuel consumption and emissions. Such a wing configuration came to be known as Prandtl’s box wing. In this work, the design and analysis of a box wing aircraft model has been carried out. The preliminary analysis is performed using XFLR5, and the computational analysis is done with the help of ANSYS 18.2. The values of experiments are computed with the help of MATLab R2017. The box wing model has shown a nearly 53.74% reduction in drag as compared with conventional wing models. The computational results of drag have been compared and validated with the results of analytical and the experimental results from the wind tunnel and found to be within 10% of the computational result. Since the drag of the box wing is significantly lesser than the conventional wings the box wing is a feasible configuration which can be used to design various aircrafts including Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Commercial Planes

Hydrodynamic study and drying of grains in a tapered fluidized bed

Cereal grain and food drying are done as an aid to warrant minimization of grain damage, on one side and economic feasibility on another side.Proper drying procedures can eliminate the potential of spoilage during subsequent storage and improve the quality of grain. Appropriate dryer should be designed for reducing the damage to grain and for economically feasibility. The drying method and conditions effectively determine type and characteristics of the final product. The drying performance of a tapered fluidized bed dryer on wheat grains and mustard seeds are studied. An investigation is undertaken to study the effects of temperature, time, moisture content and gas velocity on the drying performance in a tapered fluidized bed. Furthermore, the hydrodynamic aspects e.g. pressure drop and minimum fluidization velocity are also studied. The results show that the efficiency increases with increase in temperature and time of drying. This clearly indicates that the moisture transfer from the material depends strongly on the air temperature. The drying rate decreases with increase in particle size. A good agreement is obtained between the predicted hydrodynamics and the obtained results

Clinical profile of dengue fever with severe thrombocytopenia and its complications: a retrospective study at a tertiary care hospital in South India

Background: Dengue haemorrhagic fever is a potentially lethal illness that is universally prevalent in the tropics and has become a major health concern globally in recent decades. The clinical manifestation of dengue infection varies from asymptomatic to severe life threatening illness in the form of DHF/DSS. Dengue haemorrhagic fever or DSS may be fatal in 40% to 50% of untreated patients. A hallmark of dengue infection is severe thrombocytopenia which causes concern for the patients and treating doctors. The objective of this study was to correlate clinical profile during the evolution of dengue fever with severe thrombocytopenia (platelets <10,000/mm3), and comparing frequencies between the different clinical forms in order to predict the severity of the disease.  The present study includes 40 individuals who were found to be seropositive with the detection of NS1Ag, IgM and IgG antibodies for dengue infection with severe thrombocytopenia. Early diagnosis and monitoring is largely dependent on haematological parameters. As no specific antiviral therapy is available, supportive therapy is of utmost importance.Methods: This is an observational, descriptive and retrospective study of 40 patients with clinical and serological diagnosis of dengue fever with severe thrombocytopenia (platelets<10,000/mm3), in the period from August 2015 to September 2016, who were admitted in a tertiary care hospital in South India. ELISA was performed for the detection of dengue NS1, Ig M and Ig G, haematological parameters by automated analyzer and peripheral smear, coagulation profile analysis were done.Results: Out of 40 cases with severe thrombocytopenia, 50% of the patients had classical dengue fever, 30% cases had DHF with bleeding manifests and 20% cases with DHF plasma leakage signs and 5% lead to DSS. There was lack of association studied between severe thrombocytopenia and bleeding manifestations as p value<0.065 was insignificant. However, the risk of complications increased with decreasing platelet counts in the present study.Conclusions: Thrombocytopenia was most predominant haematological discrepancy. There was no predilection for any age group or gender for thrombocytopenia or bleeding among the dengue patients. The results were relevant in assessing the severity of infection and can help by enabling the adaptation of the therapeutic conduct to the needs of individual patients

Preparation and characterization of electroless Ni coated nano alumina powder under different sensitization - activation conditions

The development of electroless coatings on various substrates has gained much interest among researchers for the sake of improved properties. However, the coating on ceramic particles as a source of reinforcement is still a challenge for the researchers and requires a good comprehension of fundamentals since the coating thickness relies upon many parameters. Particularly the sensitization and activation conditions are more important for the creation of an ideal environment to draw metallic ions as a coating layer. Therefore, this paper examines the role of sensitization and activation conditions on the viability of nickel coating on the alumina particles of an average size of 50 nm. A comparison is made between two environments, namely individual and blended activations in the preparation of coated particles. Characterization studies are also presented to support the discussion.&nbsp